Emulsion



Patented Aug. 19, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FREDERICK W.SULLIVAN, JR., OF HAMMOND, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO STANDARD OIL COMPANY, OFWHITING. INDIANA, A. CORPORATION OF INDIANA EMULSION No Drawing.

ting and grinding lubricants and for other purposes for whichlubricating emulsions are employed. f

I have found that the soaps of the acids derived from the oxidation ofhydro :arbon waxes and particularly oxidized paralfin Wax, petrolatumand the like, are highly suitable emulsifying agents for suchcompositions.

According to the invention, I produce compositions comprising alubricating oil and soaps of oxidized hydrocarbon wax, with or withoutother ingredients. Such compositions are usually gels at ordinarytemperature, but can be readily dispersed in practically all proportionsin soft "water and within wide proportions in hard water, to give verystable emulsions.

Any suitable oil may be employed, but it is preferred to employhydrocarbon lubrieating oils.

In addition to the soaps of oxidized wax, it is preferred to emnlov anadditional emulsifying agent, for example, a quantity of another soap orthe free acid thereof. Thus, I may add oleic, undecylenic, sulfonated orother acids or the soluble salts thereof or any other suitableemulsifving agent.

A small amount of alcohol may be incorporated in the emulsifiabl'ecomposition for the purpose of aiding initial dispersion. It is alsopreferred to incorporate in the composition a small amount of water,which aids in dispersion and assists in retaining the alcohol.

when alcohol is included in the composition. The invention will readilybe understood from the following examples.

E wample I Paraffin wax of melting point about 123 F. is oxidized atabout 320 to 350 F. by blow ing with air for six to seven hours. Themixture is saponified with lime, the lime soap separated and thecorresponding acids pre- Application ifled September 4, 1928. Serial No.303,979.

cipitated with sulfuric acid. The acids are saponified with 48 B.caustic soda and incorporated in oleic acid, straw oil, water andalcohol. The proportions of the ingredients are suitably:

51 Oleic acid 10.00 Parafiin wax acids 17. 00 Sodium hydroxide 1. Strawoil 69. 00 Water; 1.75 0 Alcohol .50

T he sodium hydroxide included in the above table is employed tosaponify the paraffin wax acids and at least a portion of the oleic 6acid.

The amounts of the various ingredients, may be varied considerably. Forexample,f the amounts of the above substances may vary as follows: oleicacid 5 to 15%, paraffin wax acids 8 to 22%, sodium hydroxide 0.82 to 72.66%, straw oil 54 to 86%, water from a trace to 4% and alcoholfrom atrace to 2%.

Example [I Paraffin wax is oxidized as described in 7 Example I,saponified with caustic potash, the potash soap separated and theparaflin wax acids precipitated with sulphuric acid.

Preferentially oil soluble sulfonates (45% soap) 22.00 Paraffin Waxacids 4.00 5 Potassium hydroxide 0.82 Straw oil 70.88 Water 1.30 Alcohol1.00

The potassium hydroxide included in the 7 bove table is employed tosaponify the parfiin wax acids and at least a portion of thereferentially oil soluble sulfonates.

The proportions ofthe ingredients may be 'aried considerably. Forexample, the mounts of the above substances may lie rithin the followingranges: sulfonates o paraflin wax acids 1 to 7%, potassium .ydroxide 0.2to 1.4%, straw oil 48 to 83%, rater from a trace to 5% and alcohol froma race to 3%.

While it is preferred to employ another uitable emulsifying agent, inaddition to the oaps of oxidized hydrocarbon Waxes, paricularly whenfatty acids are incorporated 7. An emulsifiable composition com risingstraw oil between 54 and 86%, para wax acids between 8 and 22%,sodlumhydroxlde between 0.82 and 2.66%, and ole1c acid between 5 and15%. a

8. An emulsifiable composltlon comprlsing straw oil 69%, paraffin waxaclds 17%, sodium hydroxide 1.75%, oleic acld 10%, water 1.75% andalcohol 0.5%.

FREDERICK W. SULLIVAN, JR.

[1 the composition, an emulsifiable composiion may be prepared byemploying only the oaps of the oxidized hydrocarbon waxes. "or example,in Example I the oleic acid may e omitted; in Example II the soaps ofreferentially oil soluble sulfonates may be 'mitted. Ordinarily, in sucha composition, he amount'of paraflin wax acids should be ncreased. It ispreferred to employ an mount of alkali (potassium or sodium hylroxide,as the case may be) which is insuficient to saponify all of thesaponifiable contituents. The desired amount of water may Fe addedseparately or along with the metal lydroxide which may be in the form ofa olution.

Although the present invention has been lescribed with reference to thedetails of pecific examples thereof, it is not intended ha t suchdetails shall be regarded as limiatlons upon the scope of the inventionexept in so far as included in the accompany-- ng claims.

What I regard as new, and desire to secure y Letters Patent, is:

1. An emulsifiable composition comprising lydrocarbon oil and soap ofoxidized hydroarbon wax as an emulsifying agent therefor'.

2. An emulsifiable composition com rismg a hydrocarbon lubricating oiland a kali netal soap of oxidized mulsifying agent.

3. An emulsifiable composition comprising hydrocarbon lubricating 011,alkali metal paraflin wax as an cap of oxidized hydrocarbon wax as an Imulsifying agent therefor and an addition- 1 emulsifying agent.

4. An emulsifiable. composition comprisinglubricating oil, alkali hzedhydrocarbon waxgent and oleic acid.

metal soap of oxias an emulsifying 5. An emulsifiable compositioncomprising,

